Electromagneto machine



H. A. ANDRESEN.

ELECTROMAGNETO MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov, 19. 1918.

1,406,806. Patented Eeb.14,1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEETI H. A. ANDHESEN.

ELECTROMAGNETO MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV: 19, 19121.

1,406, 0 Patnted Feb. 14, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES HILMAR AMANDUS ANDRESEN, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTROMAGNETO MACHINE.

Application filed November 19, 1918.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HILMAR AMANDUS ANnRnsnN, a citizen of Norway, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in an Electromagneto Machine, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to electro-magnetos of the oscillatory type, such as commonly used in connection with single cylinder internal combustion engines as means for supplying the electrical current necessary to effect ignition of the compressed gaseous charges in the combustion chamber of the engine cylinder at predetermined and recurring intervals, the magnetos, of course, being sequentially connected to suitable translating means to cause ignition of the compressed gases, and it is the principal object of the invention to provide a high or low tensioned electro-magneto capable of producing sufiicient current for ignition purposes, irrespective of the speed at which an engine provided therewith is operated.

Another and equally important object of the invention is to provide the magneto with a novel form of inductor through which the magnetic flux will be conducted and reversed upon but slight movement thereof,

such reversal of the flux being accomplished in a rap-id manner and consequently, rendering the construction highly efficient when used for ignition purposes.

Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

In order that the invention and the manner of its application may be readily understood by those skilled in the art, I have, in the accompanying illustrative drawings and in the detailed following description based thereon, set forth a preferred embodiment of the invention.

In these drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the magneto,

, Figure 2 is a vertical transverse section therethrough, the end plates being removed,

Figure 3 is a vertical longitudinal section through the same,

Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the inductor sections,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 14, 1922.

Serial No. 263,189.

Figure 5 is a sectional view of a modified form of inductor mounting, and

Figure 6 is a similar view of another modified form of mounting for the inductor.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, in connection with which like reference characters will designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, M represents the permanent magnet of the generator, of the usual horseshoe shape and comprising a desired number of sections, laminated pole pieces 2 and 3 being secured to the opposite extremities of the magnet, as shown in the Figure 2, said pole pieces having aligning openings formed therein to permit the passage of connecting rods or bolts 4 therethrough. Since flux is adapted to be reversed through the magnetic material disposed to form a path therefor, it necessarily follows that the pole pieces 2 and 3 are interchangeable in so far as regards the north and the south poles of the permanent magnet. The inner faces of the pole pieces 2 and 8 are curved or formed concave to correspond with the peripheral surface of the inductor hereinafter more fully described, providing the necessary air gap to ensure proper functioning of the magneto.

Arranged directly above the pole pieces 2 and 3 is an armature having a core 5 formed. of a. suitable number of laminations and having the usual coil or winding 6 arranged thereon, the extremities of the core being provided with substantially right angularly disposed laminated tongues 7 and 8 corresponding in lengths to the lengths of the pole pieces 2 and. 3 and having their free extremities curved or formed concave to effect proper relative positioning of the same with relation to the inductor which is presently described. The laminated structure constituting the core and tongues 7 and 8 is also provided with tie-rod or bolt receiving openings 9 as are the pole pieces 2 and 3 for an obvious purpose.

It may be here noted that the pole piece 3 has the upper portion thereof reduced as indicated at 10 whereby at certain times the pole tip l1 will register completely with the air gap produced thereby and thus break the passage of magnetic flux from 11 to the pole piece 3, in order to cause the reversal of the magnetic flux through the generator.

The inductor which I shall indicate in its entirety by the reference letter 1 includes in its construction sections 11 and 12 provided With laterally disposed pole .tips 11, 11 12 and 12 which as will be noted are curved transversely of themselves and are of different gwidths, and have transverse openings 11 in their face portions to ensure the anchoring of the same in the non-magnetic body, hereinafter described, the tips 11; and 12 being wider than the tips 11 and 12", fora purpose which will be set out in thisspecification hereinafter. As will be noted, the sections 11 and 12 are formed with openings 13 and when assembled, are arranged opposite each other with their respective openings 13 aligning; the estremities of the tips 11, 11 12" and 12 being flush Withthe sections adjacent there to. The sections are also arranged to space their respective pole tips, whereupon they are placed in a mold or other suitable device and a light non-magnetic metal is then poured therebetween, forming a substantially cylindrical body, the peripheral portions of which are flush with the outer surfaces of the various pole tips. A shaft 14 is placed centrally of the openings in the oppositely disposed sections 11 and 12, and has suitable keys arranged thereon. Thus, it will. be readily understood that a portion of the non-magnetic metal will flow into the remaining portions of the openings in said sections, filling the same and serving as a positive connection between the inductor and the shaft and also to avoid the provision of a path for the magnetic flux. This shaft 14, as will be understood, is journaled in bearings formed in plates 16 which plates are formed on their inner sides with annular shoulders adapted to be snugly fitted withinthe openings in side plates 16 which are arranged adjacent the opposite sides of the magneto construction and through which the inductor, hereinafter described. can be passed when assembling the machine, one end of the shaft being extended beyond the adj acent' plate 16 and formed with a reduced tapered screw threaded end. In this way, it will be understood that the inductor l is mounted for oscillation across the faces of the curved portions of the pole pieces and 3 and the core or armature tongues T and 8.

If desired, the sections 11. and 12 with their respective pole tips can be formed of soft ironor of the usual soft iron laminations, such as conditions or preference may dictate, the arcs of the various pole tips,

which vary in size, being governed, of course, by the size 'of the magneto built.

To permit the transmission of oscillatory motion to the inductor or as it may be also termed, the magnetic flux reverser, a rocker arm or trip 20 is arranged on the free end of said shaft and has the lower portion thereof disposed in the path of travel of a reciprocal oscillating rod 21 having connection with the engine on which the generator is arranged and is so timed with the movement of the piston and the ignition mechanism as to cause movement of the rocker arm in one direction at properly timed recurring intervals. To return the inductor, subsequent to movement by the operating rod 21, laterally extending fingers are formed on said rocker arm and are engaged by the adjacent ends of coil springs 22, which s irings as will be noted, are connected at their remaining ends to extensions 22 formed on the opposite sides of the adjacent plate 16. Hence, when the inductor is moved in one direction by the operating rod and is then disengaged therefrom, the springs will serve to immediately return it together with the inductor in the opposite direction.

In the Figure 5, l have shown a slightly modified form of mounting for the inductor, employing a sleeve 23 formed of non-magnetic material and engaging the opposite ends of this sleeve in the openings forn'ied in the sections 11. and 12-. At this time, a solid shaft 24 is passed through the sleeve 23 and is keyed thereto in a suitable manner to cause oscillation of the sleeve therewith. It of course will be also understood that positive connection between the sections 11 and 12 and the sleeve 23 is effected by keying or otherwise interconnecting these elements. lVith such construction, it will be readily understood that I am enabled to produce an exceedingly light and inexpensive form of inductor, which by reason of the absence of the nonmagnetic metal filling explained in connection with the first en'ibodiment of the invention, will serve to materially reduce the weight thereof and yet hold the pole tips of the sections 11 and 12 in properly spaced positions during oscillation of the inductor of which they form a part.

A still further modified form of mounting for the inductor is disclosed in the Figure (3, this particular form employing a pair of short shafts 25 which are pressed into the openings formed in the adjacent inductor sections 11 and 12, itbeing understood in this connection, that the diameters of the openings are such as to effect snug reception of the shafts 25 therein, positive connection between said shafts and their respective connections being effected by means of keys 26 or their equivalents. By so mounting the inductor, it will of course be understood that the space occurring between the pole tips of the sections 11 and 12 will be filled with a. light non-magnetic material, thereby keeping the sections and shafts in proper relation due to the connection of the shafts with their respective sections 11 and 12, affording a rigid and somewhat lighter arrangenient.

In operation, when the inductor I is moved to the position shown in dotted lines in the Figure 2, it will be seen that the pole tip 11 will be in a position where it overlaps or bridges the space between the armature tongue 7 and the pole piece 2, thus establishing connection between these two elements and in consequence providing a path for the magnetic flux. At this time, the pole tip 11 will be positioned in the space formed by the reducing of the upper portion of the pole piece 3 and therefore the magnetic flux will pass from the pole piece 2 from what is now the north pole of the permanent magnet M through the pole tip 11 to the armature tongue 7 and thence through the arma ture and the winding thereon to the tongue 8, from whence it will pass into the pole tip 12 which is arranged adjacent the concaved extremity of said tongue as shown in the dotted lines in the Figure 2, then through the section 12 and the tip 12 into the pole piece 3 and finally to what is now the south pole of the permanent magnet M. Thus, it will be seen that the path of the magnetic flux is the reverse of the path assumed thereby when the pole tips are in the position shown in full lines in the drawings, the flux in this particular instance, passing from the pole piece 2 to the pole tip 12 through the section 12, the pole tip 12 the armature tongue 8, the armature, the armature tongue 7, the pole tip 11, the section 11 and the pole tip 11 to the pole piece 3.

The arcuate lengths of the pole tips 11 and 12 are such that portions thereof always register with portions of the armature tongues 7 and 8, respectively, while the arcuate lengths of the tips 11 and 12 are shorter, the former registering at times with pole piece 3 and at other times with the air gap produced by the cutaway part of the pole piece 3, and the latter correspondingly registers at times with pole piece 2 and pole piece 3. The pole tips 11 and 12 have arcuate lengths equivalent to about one-half of the angular movement of the inductor.

lVhen the magneto is used as a low tension machine, it will of course be employed in connection with the usual make and break type of ignition means. However, when used as a high tension magneto, the same may be then connected to any suitable form of: ignition means for producing the usual jump spark.

From the foregoing, it will be understood by persons skilled in the art that I have provided an exceedingly simple form of gen erator and 'one which will serve to the same purpose as if the winding 6 together with its core 5 were placed on the shaft and rotated between the two magnetic pole pieces. However, by so doing, it would be necessary to have friction contact in order to obtain current from the revolving coil. Further, the coil would necessarily have to make a complete revolution, in order to reverse the magnetic flux passing therethrough. By constructing an inductor in accordance with my invention, the magnetic flux will be caused to reverse through the coil upon much smaller movement and also, the winding is stationary, thereby permitting current to be taken therefrom by means of a permanent and immovable connection. Attention is also directed to the fact that the construc tion of the armature is such as to effect rapid reversal of the magnetic flux, hence, adding materially to the effectiveness of the machine.

Instead of forming openings 11 in the tree portions of the various tips, other forms of anchoring means may be substituted therefor, such as by forming portions of the tips irregular, or by forming lugs or projections on the same at suitable points.

Manifestly, the construction shown is capable of considerable modification and such modification as is within the scope of my claims, I consider within the spirit of my invention.

I claim:

1. In a magneto electric generator, an oscillatory inductor having a pair of sections of magnetic material provided with pole tips of unequal arcuate lengths, an armature having a pair oi tongues terminating near the periphery of said inductor, a magnet having its poles terminating near the periphery of said inductor, the gap between one magnet pole and the adjacent armature tongue be ing of different length than the gap between the opposite magnet pole and the other armature tongue.

2. In a magneto electric generator, an oscillatory inductor having two sections of magnetic material provided with pole tips of unequal arcuate lengths, an armature terminating in tongues near the periphery of said inductor, a magnet having its poles terminating near the periphery of said inductor, one of said magnet poles having a portion cutaway to furnish an enlarged air gap between said magnet pole and the adjacent armature tongue.

3. In a magneto electric generator, an oscillatory inductor having two sections of magnetic material provided with pole tips of unequal arcuate lengths, an armature terminating in tongues near the periphery of said inductor, a magnet having its poles terminating near the periphery of said inductor, the gap between one magnet pole and the adjacent armature being of difi'erent length than the gap between the opposite magnet pole and the other armature and the said gaps being so disposed that the path of the magnetic flux will be from one of the magnet poles through one of the sections to the opposite armature tongue, then through the armature and then through the other section to the other magnet pole during one position of the inductor and from one of the magnet poles across the pole tip of one of the sections to the adjacent armature tongue, then through the armature and then through the other section to the other magnet pole during the other position of the inductor- 4. In a magneto electric generator, an cillatory inductor having a pair or sections of magnetic material upon a shaft said sections and shaft bein separated from and held in pro Jer relation to each other by collar of non-magnetic material upon the shaft and fitting into the s ctions, said s-ctions being provided with pole tips of unequal arouate lengths, an armature having two tongues terminating near the periphery of said inductor, a magnet having its poles terminating near the periphery of said inductor, the gap between one magnet pole and the adjacent armature tongue being of different length than the gap between the opposite magnet pole and the other armature tongue.

5. In a magneto electric generator, magnet poles, armature poles and means for offerting rapid reversal of magnetic flux comprising a movable inductor with pole tips of unequal arcuate lengths cooperating with air gaps of unequal length between the ma net poles and adjacent armature poles.

6. In a magneto electric generation permanent magnet poles, armature poles and means for eifecting rapid reversal of magnetic flux comprising an oscillatory inductor having two U-shaped sections with pole tips of unequal arcnate lengths co-operating with air gaps of unequal length between said magnet poles and adjacent armature poles.

7 In a magneto electric generator, an oscillatory inductor having a pair of sections of magnetic material n pon shaft, said sections being embedded in non-magnetic material upon said shaft, the non-magnetic material serving to properly space the sections from the shaft and from each other. said sections being provided with pole tips of unequal arcuate lengths, an armature having two tongues tern'iinating near the periphery of said inductor, a magnet having its poles terminating near the periphery of "tor, the gap ietwcen one magnetic 1 e adj acent armature tongue being of different length than the gap between the opposite magnetic pole and the other armature tongue.

8. In a magneto electric generator, an oscillatory inductor having a pair of sections of magnetic material upon a shaft, said sec tions being ibedded in non-magnetic metal upon said shaft, the non-magnetic metal sew-ring to properly spar the sections from the shaft and from each other, said sections being provided with pole tips of unequal arcuate lengths, an armuature having two tongues terminating near the periphery of said inductor, a magnet having its poles teri'ninating near the periphery of said inductor, the gap between one magnetic pole and the adjacent arnjiature tongue being of dif ferent len th than the gap between the opposite magnetic pole and the other armature tongue.

9. In a magneto electric generator, an oscillatory inductor having two sections of magnetic material upon a shaft, said sect-ions being imbedded in non-magnetic material upon said shaft, the non-i .agnetio material serving to properly space the sections from the shaft and from each other. said sections being provided with pole tips of unequal arcuate lengths, an armature terminating in tongues near the periphery of said inductor. a magnet having its poles terminatin near the periphery of said inductor, one o said magnet poles having a portion cut away to furnish an enlarged air gap between said magnet pole and the adjacent armature tongue.

10. In a magneto electric generator, an oscillatory inductor having two sections of magnetic material upon a shaft, said sections being imbedded in non-magnetic metal upon said shaft, the non-magnetic metal serving to properly space the sections from the shaft and from each other, said sections being provided with pole tips of unequal arcuatc lengths, an armature terminating in tongues near the periphery of said inductor, a magnet having its poles terminating near the periphery of said inductor, one of said magnet poles having a portion cutaway to furnish an enlarged air gap between said magnet pole and the adjacent armature tongue.

In testimony whereof, I afix my signature hereto.

HILMAR AMANDUS ANDRESEN. 

